Ib, Cov iav tiv thaiv - nqus lim
1. Sunshade tsom iav, tseem hu ua Sunglasses: qhov xa tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo yog li 20 feem pua, thiab qhov nqus ntawm ultraviolet thiab infrared rays yog qhov zoo. Muaj lub teeb ntsuab, lub teeb grey, lub teeb tshuaj yej thiab lwm yam xim, uas yog siv los ua lub hnub shading thiab snow ua hauj lwm tsom iav. Lub teeb grey lens muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm kev paub xim; Lub teeb tshuaj yej iav ua rau lub ntuj xiav saib tsaus nti thiab txo qhov kis ntawm lub teeb ntsuab; Lub teeb ntsuab ntsuab txo qhov kis ntawm lub teeb liab.
2. Cov iav tiv thaiv rau roj vuam: cov xim uas siv rau hauv hom lo ntsiab muag no feem ntau yog hlau oxide thiab cobalt oxide, uas yog daj ntsuab, thiab tuaj yeem nqus tau lub teeb tsis muaj zog nrog wavelengths hauv qab 500 urn. Kev xa tawm ntawm lub teeb pom kev yog qis dua 1 feem pua, thiab tsuas yog me me ntawm infrared tuaj yeem dhau mus. Cov iav zoo li no tshwj xeeb yog siv rau kev siv roj vuam.
3. Cov tsom iav tiv thaiv hluav taws xob: lub teeb ultraviolet uas tsim los ntawm cov vuam siv hluav taws xob yuav ua rau lub ntsej muag thiab lub qhov muag puas (qhov loj tshaj plaws yog 28nm lub teeb). Cov hluav taws xob muaj zog infrared ua tau yooj yim ua rau lub teeb pom kev ntawm lub lens opacity. Cov tsom iav rau hluav taws xob vuam tuaj yeem thaiv qhov saum toj no infrared thiab ultraviolet rays. Lub lens yog ua los ntawm cov iav kho qhov muag thiab siv cov xim xws li hlau oxide, cobalt oxide thiab chromium oxide. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho nyiaj ntawm cerium oxide yog ntxiv los ua kom qhov nqus ntawm ultraviolet rays. Cov tsos yog ntsuab los yog yellowish ntsuab. Nws tuaj yeem thaiv tag nrho cov kab hluav taws xob ultraviolet. Lub infrared transmittance yog tsawg dua 5 feem pua thiab pom lub teeb transmittance yog li ntawm 0.1 feem pua .
4. Muaj ob hom iav tiv thaiv xiav. Ib qho yog xim hlau oxide thiab cobalt oxide, uas ua rau cov filament purplish liab. Lwm qhov yog xim nrog tooj liab oxide thiab manganese oxide, uas ua rau cov filament dawb. Lawv txhua tus tuaj yeem nqus cov dazzling glare nyob rau hauv pawg ntawm 500-600 nm (pom pom lub teeb pom kev ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag). Lub teeb xa hluav taws xob ntawm 400 nm yog tsawg dua 12 feem pua thiab tuaj yeem nqus tau ultraviolet rays. Lawv tsim nyog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam high-temperature furnaces.
5. Tsaus liab iav tsom iav: hom iav lo ntsiab muag no yog ib hom iav liab tsaus xim nrog cadmium sulfide thiab cadmium selenide. Nws tuaj yeem nqus tau txhua lub teeb nrog lub wavelength hauv qab 600nm. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tsom iav rau kev kho mob lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm thaum ua haujlwm X-ray fluoroscopy cov cuab yeej.
6. Laser tiv thaiv tsom iav: muaj ob hom iav, uas yog hom kev xav thiab hom nqus. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub qub yog coated nrog ib tug hlau zaj duab xis los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev txheej txheej, thiab lub reflectivity ntawm 532nm, 694nm thiab 1060nm laser bands yog ntau tshaj 99.5 feem pua; Lub lens tom kawg tuaj yeem nqus tau 1060nm laser band. Lub lens yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub kaw lus kaw lossis semi kaw kom tsis txhob laser nkag mus rau lub qhov muag nyob ib ncig ntawm lub lens. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov iav tiv thaiv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm laser.
7. Microwave tiv thaiv iav: microwave yog ib qho hluav taws xob nthwv dej nrog lub wavelength txog 1nm LM. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg, tshwj xeeb yog qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm microwave muaj zog, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag qaug zog, qhov muag qhuav thiab kiv taub hau, thiab txawm ua rau lub qhov muag pom kev, cataract thiab retinal puas. Nws txoj kev tiv thaiv yog tshuaj tsuag tin tetrachloride thiab hlau tebchaw uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov conductivity ntawm lub lens los ua ib zaj duab xis multilayer conductive rau ntawm lub lens, uas plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm shielding microwave. Vim tias lub microwave tuaj yeem hla lub lens thiab nkag mus rau lub qhov muag, tus ncej yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm microwave rau lub qhov muag.
2, Cov tsom iav tiv thaiv - cov ntxaij lim dej pom
Absorption filter siv lub lens kom nqus tau qee qhov wavelengths ntawm lub teeb kom txo cov teeb ci rau hauv qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias lub lens absorbs qee lub teeb, nws dhau los ua cua sov emissions, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog infrared thiab lwm yam yoj lub teeb ntev, uas ua rau lub qhov muag tsis xis nyob vim muaj cua sov. Yog tias siv cov iav tiv thaiv thiab cov ntxaij lim dej uas muaj kev cuam tshuam, qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau zoo. Raws li tau hais nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej coated tsom iav, yog ib txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zaj duab xis nrog siab dua refractive Performance index tshaj lub lens nws tus kheej yog coated rau ntawm lub lens nto, nws yuav ua rau kom lub reflection ntawm lub teeb thiab txo cov kis tau tus mob ntawm lub teeb, thiaj li tiv thaiv lub qhov muag. los ntawm lub teeb muaj zog thiab teeb meem rays.
Hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag thiab lub neej, ntau qhov xwm txheej yog siv los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev nqus thiab kev xav, uas yog, txheej txheej ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab siab yog plated rau ntawm cov xim xim kom cov lim dej muaj zog, xws li iav hnav los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li hluav taws xob vuam. , chlorine arc vuam thiab plasma txiav.